Twice a year, the CIES Football Observatory publishes reports on European professional football.
In January, the Demographic Study of Footballers in Europe presents an in-depth analysis of clubs composition and players characteristics in 33 top division leagues of UEFA member countries.
In August, the Annual Review of the European Football Players’ Labour Market highlights the latest trends in the big-5 leagues in terms of demography, training, international recruitment, mobility and pitch performance of footballers.

The Demographic Study of Footballers in Europe is an annual publication edited since 2009 destined for anyone who wishes to acquire a scientific understanding of the European football players’ labour market. It presents the dynamics at work in 33 top division leagues of UEFA member associations. Market trends are first measured at European level and then analysed according to national championship. The last section highlights the most fielded U21 players since the start of the season per league and position.
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The key reference on the labour market and the logics of squad formation in the five main European leagues. One hundred richly coloured pages, illustrated by graphics, maps, rankings, statistical models and analysis which...
inform managers about potential strategies to put their clubs on the road to success;
help managers of federations and players’ unions to understand current trends and to take decisions;
suggest to journalists new lines of investigation likely to interest the general public;
allow researchers and students to benefit from reliable and comparable sources, developed with the greatest possible rigour;
give fans the possibility to understand in detail the dynamics at work in their favourite sport and club.